- SHOCK. In the shock phase, people feel threatened by anticipated change. They may even deny its existence: “this isn’t happening.” They become immobilized and often shut down in order to protect themselves. People feel unsafe, timid, and unable to act, much less take risks. Needless to say, productivity drops during this stage.
- DEFENSIVE RETREAT. Eventually people caught in a change vortex move from shock to defensive retreat. They get angry and lash out at what has been done to them, even as they hold on to accustomed ways of doing things. They attempt to keep a grip on the past while decrying the fact that it’s changed. This conflict likewise precludes taking risks; the situation is perceived as too unsafe.
- ACKNOWLEDGMENT. Eventually, most people cease denying the fact of change, and acknowledge that they have lost something. They mourn. The psychological dynamics of this stage include both grief and liberation. Thus, one can feel like a pawn in a game while also being able to view that game with some degree of objectivity and psychological distance. At this point the notion of taking risks becomes more palatable and people begin to explore the pros and cons of the new situation. Each “risk” that succeeds builds confidence and prepares people for more.
- ACCEPTANCE AND ADAPTATION. Most people eventually internalize the change, make any needed adaptations, and move on. They see themselves “before and after” the change and, even if it’s a grudging acknowledgment, they consider the change “for the best”. In some cases, people actively advocate for what they had previously opposed. Acceptance and adaptation means relinquishing the old situation, as well as the pain, confusion, and fear experienced in the earlier stages of change. (Harvard Business School Press, Boston, Massachusetts)
Kamis, 23 Februari 2012
THE FOUR STAGES OF REACTION TO CHANGE
Selasa, 21 Februari 2012
DATA KONFLIK PERTAMBANGAN (2010 - 2011)
1. Tambang bijih besi, Kabupataen Aceh Besar: pencemaran lingkungan, penolakan warga, konflik lahan dengan warga.
2. Tambang emas, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara: penolakan warga, tumpang tindih lahan.
3. Tambang timah, Kabupataen Dairi, Sumatera Utara: penolakan warga, tumpang tindih lahan.
4. Tambang minyak, Provinsi Riau: pencemaran lingkungan, konflik lahan dengan warga.
5. Tambang batubara, Muara Enim, Sumatera Selatan: tumpang tindih lahan.
6. Tambang batu kapur, Pulau Nusakambangan, Jawa Tengah: pencemaran lingkungan.
7. Tambang pasir besi, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, DIY: konflik lahan dengan warga.
8. Tambang tembaga dan mangan, Kabupaten Pacitan, Jawa Timur: pencemaran lingkungan, penolakan warga.
9. Tambang emas, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur: pencemaran lingkungan, tumpang tindih lahan, dan penolakan warga.
10. Tambang bijih besi, Kab Kota Baru, Kalimantan Selatan: penambangan pulau kecil, pencemaran lingkungan, penolakan warga.
11. Tambang tembaga dan emas, Kabupaten Sumbawa, Nusa Tenggara Barat: pencemaran lingkungan.
12. Tambang emas, Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan, Sulawesi Utara: persoalan penolakan warga, tumpang tindih lahan.
13. Tambang emas, Kabupaten Bima Nusa Tenggara Barat: penolakan dari warga, tumpang tindih lahan.
14. Tambang emas, Kabupaten Mimika, Papua: pencemaran lingkungan, ketenagakerjaan, konflik dengan masyarakat
Keterangan:
•Tumpang tindih lahan artinya sebagian wilayah pertambangan berada di daerah cagar alam, hutan lindung, hutan produksi, atau hutan produksi terbatas.
•Sumber: Litbang Kompas / Bim, diolah dari taman jaringan Advokasi tambang, pemberitaan kompas, serta kementerian energi dan sumber daya miniral (harian kompas, Senin 20 Februari 2012 halaman 1)
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